Shoulder pain can significantly impact your daily life, making it difficult to perform even the simplest tasks. For those suffering from severe shoulder pain due to arthritis, injury, or other conditions, shoulder replacement surgery can be a life-changing solution.

Over 9,000 Canadians underwent shoulder replacements in 2022, seeking a solution to overcome the pain and mobility limitations. Surgery can be a daunting step for many before deciding to move forward. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll walk you through everything you need about shoulder replacement surgery, from the procedure to recovery.

What is Shoulder Replacement Surgery?

Shoulder surgery, also known as shoulder arthroplasty, involves replacing the damaged parts of the shoulder joint with artificial components. It is typically recommended for patients who have not found relief from other treatments, such as medication or physical therapy. The surgery aims to relieve pain, improve function, and enhance the quality of life.

Types of Shoulder Replacement Surgeries

There are several types of shoulder replacement surgeries, each tailored to address specific conditions:

  • Total Shoulder Replacement (TSR): This is the most common type of shoulder replacement, where both the ball (head of the humerus) and the socket (glenoid) are replaced with prosthetic components.
  • Partial Shoulder Replacement (Hemiarthroplasty): In limited and specific cases, only the ball of the shoulder joint is replaced.
  • Reverse Shoulder Replacement: This surgery is used for patients with severe rotator cuff injuries. In this procedure, the positions of the ball and socket are reversed, allowing the deltoid muscle to take over the function of the damaged rotator cuff.

Who is a Candidate for Shoulder Replacement Surgery?

Candidates for shoulder replacement surgery typically include those who experience:

  • Joint Damage: Conditions like osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or post-traumatic arthritis that have caused significant joint damage.
  • Rotator Cuff Tear Arthropathy: A condition resulting from a severe, chronic rotator cuff tear.

For patients, this is typically experienced as pain that interferes with daily activities and persists despite other treatments. Generally there is also difficulty moving the shoulder/arm and in some cases there be may be crepitus (clicking or clunking) with shoudler movements.

Preparing for Shoulder Replacement Surgery

A thorough evaluation is conducted before undergoing shoulder arthroplasty to ensure you are a suitable candidate. This evaluation includes:

  • Medical History Review: Your surgeon will review your medical history, including any previous shoulder injuries or surgeries.
  • Physical Examination: A detailed examination of your shoulder’s range of motion, strength, and stability.
  • Imaging Tests: X-rays are generally the first step to assess the shoulder. They may also need an ultrasound to look at the tendons of your shoulder. A specific type of CT scan is also generally ordered before the surgery to help the surgeon plan your surgery and the necessary implants.

Our team is dedicated to ensuring you feel confident and well-prepared for your surgery. We will guide you through every step of the preparation process and provide a comprehensive resource guide. This guide will include important considerations, instructions, and tools to help make your surgical journey as smooth and stress-free as possible. Should you have any questions, our team is here to support you every step of the way.

Shoulder Surgery Procedure

Shoulder replacement surgery is typically performed under general anesthesia, which generally lasts 1-3 hours. Here’s what happens during the surgery:

  • Incision: A small incision is made over the front of the shoulder to access the joint.
  • Removal of Damaged Tissue: The damaged parts of the shoulder joint, including the ball and socket, are removed.
  • Implantation of Prosthetic Components: The artificial components are inserted and secured in place.
  • Closure: The incision is closed with sutures or staples, and a dressing is applied to the area.

Types of Implants Used

The type of implant used in shoulder arthroplasty depends on various factors, including the extent of joint damage and your surgeon’s recommendations. Common materials for implants include:

  • Metal: Often used for the ball component.
  • Plastic: Frequently used for the socket component.

Recovery After Shoulder Replacement Surgery

The recovery process begins immediately after surgery. Here’s what you can expect during the initial recovery phase:

  • Hospital Stay: Most patients stay in the hospital for 1 night after surgery.
  • Pain Management: Pain medications and ice therapy are used to manage post-operative pain.
  • Immobilization: Your arm will be placed in a sling to keep the shoulder immobilized while it begins to heal.

Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation

Physical therapy is a crucial component of the recovery process. Your rehabilitation plan will include:

  • Early Exercises: Gentle range-of-motion exercises will begin shortly after surgery to prevent stiffness.
  • Strengthening Exercises: As your shoulder heals, your therapist will introduce strengthening exercises to restore muscle function.
  • Long-Term Rehabilitation: Full recovery can take several months, during which you will gradually increase the intensity of your exercises.

Risks and Complications of Shoulder Replacement Surgery

While shoulder replacement surgery is generally safe, there are potential risks and complications, including:

  • Infection: As with any surgery, there is a risk of infection at the incision site or deeper within the joint.
  • Blood Clots: There is a risk of developing blood clots in the legs or lungs.
  • Nerve or Blood Vessel Damage: Although rare, nerves or blood vessels can be damaged during surgery.
  • Dislocation: The new joint may become dislocated, particularly if post-operative instructions are not followed.

To minimize the risk of complications, it’s essential to:

  • Follow Post-Operative Instructions: Adhere to all guidelines provided by your surgeon, including activity restrictions and medication regimens.
  • Attend Follow-Up Appointments: Regular check-ups with your surgeon will help monitor your progress and catch any potential issues early.
  • Engage in Physical Therapy: Committing to your physical therapy program will aid in a successful recovery.

Lifestyle After Surgery

After recovering from shoulder replacement surgery, most patients experience a significant reduction in pain and improved shoulder function. To maintain the health of your new shoulder joint, consider the following:

  • Avoid High-Impact Activities: Activities that place excessive strain on the shoulder should be avoided.
  • Stay Active: Regular exercise, particularly low-impact activities like swimming or cycling, can help maintain joint function.

At Gateway Surgery, we specialize in facilitating private surgical options, ensuring you receive the care you need without the long wait times associated with the public healthcare system. Shoulder replacement surgery can offer hope for those suffering from debilitating shoulder pain. By understanding the procedure, preparing adequately, and committing to a thorough recovery process, you can maximize the benefits of this life-changing surgery.

We are dedicated to guiding you through every step of your shoulder replacement journey. If you’re considering this procedure, contact us today to schedule a consultation and start your path to recovery.

What surprised you about the surgery process? Do you have any other questions about shoulder replacement surgery? Reach out to our team today!